Modern Technology in Malaria Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Abstract

Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. In 2022, an estimated 249 million malaria cases and 608,000 deaths were reported worldwide, with the WHO African Region bearing the highest burden. Nigeria, accounting for 27% of global malaria cases, faces severe public health challenges due to the disease. This review examines the role of modern technology in malaria control, focusing on its impact on surveillance, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Web-based platforms, mobile applications, Geographic Informa on Systems (GIS), and machine learning have revolutionized malaria surveillance, enabling real- me data collection, mapping, and predictive modeling. Innovations in diagnostic tools, such as Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs), microscopy, molecular diagnostics, and artificial intelligence (AI), have enhanced diagnostic accuracy and accessibility. Preventive measures, including insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs), indoor residual spraying (IRS), drone-based technologies, and vaccine development, have significantly contributed to reducing malaria transmission. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs), mobile health (mHealth) technologies, and AI-driven drug discovery have improved malaria treatment and management. Despite progress, challenges such as drug resistance, insecticide resistance, and limited access to healthcare persist. Continued investment in research, strengthening health systems, and fostering collaboration are essential for achieving malaria elimination. Integra ng modern technologies into healthcare delivery can enhance malaria control efforts, reduce morbidity and mortality, and contribute to a malaria-free world.